All 300 are in the library · 32 are fixed-dose combinations
The 300 medications that rank 300 or better on the Ballicules 2024 estimate of US prescription volume — all payers, not Medicare alone. All of them are in the Ballicules library, each with a decagon ballicule showing what it binds and a page covering half-life, CYP and transporter interactions, boxed warning and FDA-labeled indications. A fixed-dose combination shows its components’ ballicules instead of one of its own.
How the order was derived. The starting point is CMS Medicare Part D 2024 prescription volume, adjusted for what that population under-represents: Part D covers people 65 and older and the disabled, so it under-counts drugs prescribed mainly to younger adults and over-counts geriatric ones. The adjustment is fitted to MEPS, the federal all-payer household survey, with Medicaid volume as a second predictor — our best estimate of current overall prescription volume rather than a count. Full method and its limits · the unmodified CMS 2024 ranking.
Each row carries both numbers — our all-payer rank and the unmodified Part D rank — so you can see where the two disagree and why. open ↗ drops that drug onto the interactive board with every card layer showing: the ballicule, the mascot, the interaction avatars, the molecule and the pill.
Two limits worth stating plainly. Ranks run among the medications this library carries, so a drug we do not cover cannot take a slot; and the estimate’s median error is around 30%, so drugs a few places apart are not meaningfully in order. Neither changes what the list is for. Learning drugs in dispensing order is how a prescriber gets useful fastest, because the first hundred cover most of what walks through a clinic door. Rank is volume, not importance — plenty of drugs that rarely appear here decide an admission.
| Rank | Part D | Ballicule | Medication | Brand or source | Used for | Open on the board |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | #1 | Atorvastatin | LIPITOR | The most-prescribed statin; potent LDL lowering. | open ↗ | |
| #2 | #3 | Levothyroxine | SYNTHROID | Synthetic T4 replacement for hypothyroidism; absorption makes consistency essential. | open ↗ | |
| #3 | #2 | Amlodipine | NORVASC | Long-acting dihydropyridine CCB for hypertension and angina; ankle edema often limits it. | open ↗ | |
| #4 | #6 | Lisinopril | ZESTRIL | Active ACE inhibitor for hypertension and heart failure; cough and angioedema matter. | open ↗ | |
| #5 | #9 | Rosuvastatin | CRESTOR | The most potent statin for LDL lowering. | open ↗ | |
| #6 | #5 | Losartan | COZAAR | The first ARB; also lowers uric acid. | open ↗ | |
| #7 | #10 | Omeprazole | PRILOSEC | OTC proton-pump inhibitor; clinically important CYP2C19 inhibition distinguishes it. | open ↗ | |
| #8 | #4 | Gabapentin | NEURONTIN | Renally cleared alpha-2-delta ligand for neuralgia and seizures; sedation and misuse. | open ↗ | |
| #9 | #15 | Albuterol | VENTOLIN | Short-acting beta-2 agonist; the classic rescue bronchodilator. | open ↗ | |
| #10 | #19 | Sertraline | ZOLOFT | Broadly indicated SSRI with few CYP interactions; GI effects are prominent early. | open ↗ | |
| #11 | #7 | Metformin | GLUCOPHAGE | First-line diabetes drug; weight-neutral, sometimes used for antipsychotic weight gain. | open ↗ | |
| #12 | #30 | Escitalopram | LEXAPRO | The active S-enantiomer of citalopram; among the cleanest, best-tolerated SSRIs. | open ↗ | |
| #13 | #8 | Metoprolol succinate ER | TOPROL-XL | Extended-release beta-1 blocker with proven heart-failure benefit. | open ↗ | |
| #14 | #12 | Apixaban | ELIQUIS | Factor Xa inhibitor often favored for lower bleeding risk; twice-daily. | open ↗ | |
| #15 | — | Tirzepatide (obesity) | ZEPBOUND | Dual GIP/GLP-1 weight-loss drug; also treats obesity-related sleep apnea. | open ↗ | |
| #16 | — | Metformin ER | GLUCOPHAGE XR | Extended-release biguanide; often rescues GI intolerance to immediate-release therapy. | open ↗ | |
| #17 | #85 | Tirzepatide | MOUNJARO | Dual GIP/GLP-1 agonist for diabetes and obesity; exceptional glucose and weight effects. | open ↗ | |
| #18 | #11 | Pantoprazole | PROTONIX | A proton-pump inhibitor with few drug interactions; IV available. | open ↗ | |
| #19 | #17 | Hydrochloro thiazide | MICROZIDE | The most-prescribed thiazide diuretic for hypertension. | open ↗ | |
| #20 | #13 | Furosemide | LASIX | The prototypical loop diuretic; workhorse for edema and heart failure. | open ↗ | |
| #21 | #59 | Fluoxetine | PROZAC | Activating SSRI with a very long washout and strong CYP2D6 inhibition. | open ↗ | |
| #22 | — | Bupropion XL | WELLBUTRIN XL | Longest-release NDRI; activating and usually sexually sparing. | open ↗ | |
| #23 | #14 | Tamsulosin | FLOMAX | Uroselective alpha-1A blocker for BPH; floppy iris in cataract surgery. | open ↗ | |
| #24 | #18 | Trazodone | DESYREL | Sedating SARI, used mostly off-label at low dose for sleep; priapism is a rare risk. | open ↗ | |
| #25 | #35 | Empagliflozin | JARDIANCE | SGLT2 inhibitor with cardiovascular and renal outcome benefits. | open ↗ | |
| #26 | #16 | Vicodin / Norco | Hydrocodone + Acetaminophen | open ↗ | ||
| #27 | #33 | Semaglutide | OZEMPIC, WEGOVY | GLP-1 agonist spanning diabetes and obesity; major weight loss and cardiovascular benefit. | open ↗ | |
| #28 | #31 | Montelukast | SINGULAIR | Leukotriene antagonist for asthma and allergy; neuropsychiatric warning. | open ↗ | |
| #29 | #42 | Amoxicillin | AMOXIL | Workhorse oral aminopenicillin for ear, sinus and respiratory infections. | open ↗ | |
| #30 | #22 | Carvedilol | COREG | Nonselective beta-blocker with alpha-1 block; a heart-failure standard. | open ↗ | |
| #31 | #21 | Prednisone | DELTASONE | The workhorse oral glucocorticoid; a prodrug of prednisolone. | open ↗ | |
| #32 | #23 | Potassium chloride | KLOR-CON | Standard hypokalemia replacement; oral GI injury and IV errors can be lethal. | open ↗ | |
| #33 | — | Mixed amphetamine salts XR | ADDERALL XR | Extended-release stimulant for ADHD; long coverage with Schedule II misuse risk. | open ↗ | |
| #34 | #20 | Metoprolol | LOPRESSOR | The most-prescribed cardioselective beta-blocker; succinate proven in heart failure. | open ↗ | |
| #35 | — | Fluticasone nasal | FLONASE | Intranasal steroid for allergic rhinitis; strong congestion relief with little systemic exposure. | open ↗ | |
| #36 | #32 | Meloxicam | MOBIC | COX-2-preferring NSAID with once-daily dosing. | open ↗ | |
| #37 | #25 | Famotidine | PEPCID | The most-used H2 blocker; few drug interactions. | open ↗ | |
| #38 | #29 | Duloxetine | CYMBALTA | Balanced SNRI also used for pain; more consistent noradrenergic effect than venlafaxine. | open ↗ | |
| #39 | #39 | Insulin glargine | LANTUS | Long-acting basal analog for round-the-clock background coverage. | open ↗ | |
| #40 | #148 | Amphetamine | ADDERALL | Monoamine-releasing stimulant for ADHD and narcolepsy; effective but readily misused. | open ↗ | |
| #41 | #24 | Simvastatin | ZOCOR | A widely used statin; many interactions, dose-limited by myopathy. | open ↗ | |
| #42 | #26 | Clopidogrel | PLAVIX | P2Y12 antiplatelet prodrug; CYP2C19 variants blunt its effect. | open ↗ | |
| #43 | — | Semaglutide (obesity) | WEGOVY | Obesity-labeled GLP-1 injection; substantial weight loss with cardiovascular benefit. | open ↗ | |
| #44 | #58 | Ibuprofen | MOTRIN, ADVIL | Short-acting OTC nonselective NSAID for pain, fever and inflammation. | open ↗ | |
| #45 | #54 | Buspirone | BUSPAR | Non-sedating 5-HT1A partial agonist anxiolytic; no dependence, slow onset. | open ↗ | |
| #46 | #28 | Tramadol | ULTRAM | Weak mu agonist plus SNRI; seizure and serotonin-syndrome risk, misuse potential. | open ↗ | |
| #47 | #179 | Buprenorphine/ naloxone | SUBOXONE | Buprenorphine + Naloxone | open ↗ | |
| #48 | #830 | Cetirizine | ZYRTEC | Fast, effective second-generation H1 antihistamine; more sedating than its peers. | open ↗ | |
| #49 | #73 | Venlafaxine XR | EFFEXOR XR | Extended-release SNRI for depression and anxiety; withdrawal and hypertension limit it. | open ↗ | |
| #50 | #88 | Ondansetron | ZOFRAN | 5-HT3 antagonist antiemetic; QT prolongation at high dose. | open ↗ | |
| #51 | #40 | Allopurinol | ZYLOPRIM | Xanthine oxidase inhibitor; first-line urate-lowering for gout prevention. | open ↗ | |
| #52 | #36 | Latanoprost | XALATAN | First-line glaucoma drop; FP prostanoid prodrug that increases uveoscleral outflow. | open ↗ | |
| #53 | — | Ergocalciferol | DRISDOL | Prescription vitamin D2; cleared faster than D3, which is why D3 is usually preferred. | open ↗ | |
| #54 | #61 | Cyclobenzaprine | FLEXERIL | TCA-related muscle relaxant; sedating, anticholinergic. | open ↗ | |
| #55 | #34 | Alprazolam | XANAX | Short-acting, high-potency benzodiazepine; fast on/off drives dependence and misuse. | open ↗ | |
| #56 | #44 | Spironolactone | ALDACTONE | Aldosterone antagonist; heart-failure survival, acne, and gynecomastia. | open ↗ | |
| #57 | #359 | Lisdexamfetamine | VYVANSE | Dextroamphetamine prodrug for ADHD and binge eating; smooth delivery, still Schedule II. | open ↗ | |
| #58 | #94 | Hydroxyzine HCl | ATARAX | Sedating H1 blocker used for pruritus and short-term anxiety. | open ↗ | |
| #59 | #96 | Lamotrigine | LAMICTAL | Well-tolerated mood stabilizer for bipolar depression; slow titration for rash risk. | open ↗ | |
| #60 | #37 | Quetiapine | SEROQUEL | Sedating atypical for schizophrenia and bipolar depression; metabolic burden at any dose. | open ↗ | |
| #61 | #65 | Citalopram | CELEXA | Selective SSRI with few interactions; dose-related QT prolongation limits use. | open ↗ | |
| #62 | — | Albuterol nebulizer | albuterol neb solution | Nebulized short-acting beta-2 agonist for rescue when inhaler delivery is inadequate. | open ↗ | |
| #63 | #57 | Pregabalin | LYRICA | Linear-kinetic alpha-2-delta ligand for neuropathic pain; edema, sedation and misuse. | open ↗ | |
| #64 | #45 | PERCOCET | Oxycodone + Acetaminophen | open ↗ | ||
| #65 | — | Cholecalciferol | VITAMIN D3 | Vitamin D3; the common OTC supplement, precursor to active calcitriol. | open ↗ | |
| #66 | #46 | Clonazepam | KLONOPIN | Long-acting, high-potency benzodiazepine; smoother than alprazolam. | open ↗ | |
| #67 | #47 | Alendronate | FOSAMAX | Oral bisphosphonate for osteoporosis; upright dosing to avoid esophagitis. | open ↗ | |
| #68 | #48 | Azithromycin | ZITHROMAX | Tissue-persistent macrolide for atypicals; convenient courses, but QT risk. | open ↗ | |
| #69 | #49 | Ezetimibe | ZETIA | Blocks intestinal cholesterol absorption (NPC1L1); adds to statins. | open ↗ | |
| #70 | — | Aspirin | ASA | Irreversible antiplatelet at low exposure and nonselective NSAID at analgesic exposure. | open ↗ | |
| #71 | #50 | Mirtazapine | REMERON | Sedating, appetite-stimulating noradrenergic/serotonergic agent; known for weight gain. | open ↗ | |
| #72 | #41 | Oxycodone | oxycodone IR | Potent oral full-mu opioid for severe pain; high misuse and overdose liability. | open ↗ | |
| #73 | #668 | Loestrin / Microgestin | Ethinyl estradiol + Norethindrone | open ↗ | ||
| #74 | #51 | Lorazepam | ATIVAN | Intermediate benzodiazepine with no active metabolites; workhorse for acute agitation. | open ↗ | |
| #75 | #93 | Valsartan | DIOVAN | A widely used ARB with strong heart-failure data. | open ↗ | |
| #76 | #52 | Donepezil | ARICEPT | The most-prescribed cholinesterase inhibitor for Alzheimer dementia. | open ↗ | |
| #77 | #43 | Pravastatin | PRAVACHOL | A hydrophilic statin with few drug interactions. | open ↗ | |
| #78 | — | Zolpidem | AMBIEN | The most-prescribed "Z-drug" hypnotic; complex sleep behaviors, next-day impairment. | open ↗ | |
| #79 | #72 | Trelegy Ellipta | Fluticasone + Umeclidinium + Vilanterol | open ↗ | ||
| #80 | #56 | Augmentin | Amoxicillin + Clavulanate | open ↗ | ||
| #81 | #121 | Insulin lispro | HUMALOG | Rapid-acting prandial analog for mealtime and pump coverage. | open ↗ | |
| #82 | #75 | Dapagliflozin | FARXIGA | SGLT2 inhibitor for diabetes, heart failure, and kidney disease. | open ↗ | |
| #83 | #60 | Cephalexin | KEFLEX | First-generation oral cephalosporin; common for skin infections and UTIs. | open ↗ | |
| #84 | #62 | Finasteride | PROSCAR, PROPECIA | Type-II 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor for BPH and hair loss. | open ↗ | |
| #85 | #70 | Atenolol | TENORMIN | Hydrophilic cardioselective beta-blocker with fewer CNS effects. | open ↗ | |
| #86 | #66 | Doxycycline | VIBRAMYCIN | Versatile tetracycline for atypicals, tick-borne illness, and acne. | open ↗ | |
| #87 | #250 | Methylphenidate ER (OROS) | CONCERTA | OROS stimulant for ADHD; smooth extended coverage from a nondeformable tablet. | open ↗ | |
| #88 | #63 | Tizanidine | ZANAFLEX | Short-acting alpha-2 agonist for spasticity; hypotension and CYP1A2 interactions. | open ↗ | |
| #89 | #116 | Symbicort | Budesonide + Formoterol | open ↗ | ||
| #90 | #79 | Zestoretic | Hydrochloro thiazide + Lisinopril | open ↗ | ||
| #91 | #67 | Rivaroxaban | XARELTO | Once-daily factor Xa inhibitor; convenient but food-dependent at treatment exposure. | open ↗ | |
| #92 | #163 | Insulin aspart | NOVOLOG | Rapid prandial analog for meals and pumps; hypoglycemia follows missed food. | open ↗ | |
| #93 | #78 | Celecoxib | CELEBREX | COX-2-selective NSAID; less GI ulceration than nonselective NSAIDs. | open ↗ | |
| #94 | — | Triamcinolone | KENALOG | Intermediate-acting glucocorticoid; injectable, topical, and intranasal. | open ↗ | |
| #95 | #122 | Topiramate | TOPAMAX | Weight-reducing anticonvulsant for seizures and migraine; cognitive slowing limits it. | open ↗ | |
| #96 | #74 | Hydralazine | APRESOLINE | Direct arteriolar vasodilator; reflex tachycardia, drug-induced lupus. | open ↗ | |
| #97 | #77 | Methyl prednisolone | MEDROL | Intermediate-acting glucocorticoid available orally, by depot injection and IV. | open ↗ | |
| #98 | #71 | Memantine | NAMENDA | NMDA antagonist for moderate-to-severe Alzheimer dementia; well tolerated. | open ↗ | |
| #99 | #101 | Propranolol | INDERAL | Non-selective beta-blocker used for performance anxiety, tremor, and migraine. | open ↗ | |
| #100 | #80 | Losartan/Hydrochlorothiazide | HYZAAR | Hydrochloro thiazide + Losartan | open ↗ | |
| #101 | #102 | Aripiprazole | ABILIFY | D2 partial agonist; weight-favorable, activating, low prolactin; can cause akathisia. | open ↗ | |
| #102 | #117 | Olmesartan | BENICAR | ARB antihypertensive; rare sprue-like enteropathy. | open ↗ | |
| #103 | #115 | Amitriptyline | ELAVIL | Sedating TCA for pain, migraine and sleep; anticholinergic and lethal in overdose. | open ↗ | |
| #104 | #234 | Folic acid | VITAMIN B9 | Vitamin B9 for deficiency and neural-tube prevention; check B12 first. | open ↗ | |
| #105 | #169 | Fenofibrate | TRICOR | PPAR-alpha fibrate; mainly lowers triglycerides. | open ↗ | |
| #106 | — | Ferrous sulfate | iron | Inexpensive oral iron for iron-deficiency anemia; GI intolerance often defeats adherence. | open ↗ | |
| #107 | #289 | Progesterone | endogenous | Natural progestogen for endometrial protection and luteal support; often sedating. | open ↗ | |
| #108 | #108 | Entresto | Sacubitril + Valsartan | open ↗ | ||
| #109 | #87 | Fluticasone-Salmeterol | ADVAIR | Fluticasone + Salmeterol | open ↗ | |
| #110 | — | Semaglutide oral (obesity) | WEGOVY (oral) | Oral GLP-1 weight treatment; avoids injections but demands strict administration. | open ↗ | |
| #111 | — | Loratadine | CLARITIN | Non-sedating OTC antihistamine. | open ↗ | |
| #112 | #82 | Baclofen | LIORESAL | GABA-B agonist muscle relaxant; studied for alcohol craving. | open ↗ | |
| #113 | #123 | Valacyclovir | VALTREX | Oral prodrug of acyclovir with better absorption for herpes and shingles. | open ↗ | |
| #114 | #375 | Tadalafil | CIALIS | Long-acting PDE5 inhibitor for erectile dysfunction and BPH; never combine with nitrates. | open ↗ | |
| #115 | #38 | Bupropion SR | WELLBUTRIN SR | Sustained-release NDRI; activating and sexually sparing, but seizure-limited. | open ↗ | |
| #116 | #89 | Levetiracetam | KEPPRA | Widely used, kinetically clean anticonvulsant; irritability and mood effects common. | open ↗ | |
| #117 | #604 | Ortho Tri-Cyclen | Ethinyl estradiol + Norgestimate | open ↗ | ||
| #118 | #118 | Clonidine | CATAPRES | Central alpha-2 agonist for hypertension, ADHD and withdrawal; sedation and rebound. | open ↗ | |
| #119 | #99 | Nitrofurantoin | MACROBID | Bladder-concentrated antibiotic for uncomplicated cystitis; useless for pyelonephritis. | open ↗ | |
| #120 | #126 | Methocarbamol | ROBAXIN | Sedating central muscle relaxant of uncertain mechanism for acute musculoskeletal spasm. | open ↗ | |
| #121 | #90 | Ciprofloxacin | CIPRO | Fluoroquinolone with strong Gram-negative and anti-pseudomonal activity; tendon warnings. | open ↗ | |
| #122 | #91 | Isosorbide mononitrate | IMDUR | Long-acting oral nitrate for angina prophylaxis. | open ↗ | |
| #123 | #114 | Mirabegron | MYRBETRIQ | Beta-3 agonist for overactive bladder without antimuscarinic side effects. | open ↗ | |
| #124 | #229 | Testosterone cypionate | DEPO- TESTOSTERONE | Depot androgen for hypogonadism; erythrocytosis and infertility can end treatment. | open ↗ | |
| #125 | #1506 | Acetaminophen | TYLENOL | OTC analgesic/antipyretic; hepatotoxic in overdose, minimal anti-inflammatory effect. | open ↗ | |
| #126 | #92 | Bactrim | Trimethoprim + Sulfamethoxazole | open ↗ | ||
| #127 | #120 | Paroxetine | PAXIL | The most anticholinergic, sedating SSRI; short half-life gives notable discontinuation. | open ↗ | |
| #128 | #501 | Benzonatate | TESSALON | Peripheral antitussive; local-anesthetic ester, dangerous if chewed or overdosed. | open ↗ | |
| #129 | — | Estradiol transdermal | VIVELLE-DOT | Skin-delivered estrogen for menopausal symptoms; avoids first-pass hepatic exposure. | open ↗ | |
| #130 | #97 | Dulaglutide | TRULICITY | Weekly GLP-1 agonist for type 2 diabetes. | open ↗ | |
| #131 | #341 | Thyroid, desiccated | ARMOUR THYROID | Porcine T4/T3 extract for hypothyroidism; its hormone ratio differs from human secretion. | open ↗ | |
| #132 | #69 | Diltiazem ER | CARDIZEM CD | Extended-release non-DHP CCB for hypertension/angina; bradycardia and CYP3A4 interactions. | open ↗ | |
| #133 | #162 | Evolocumab | REPATHA | PCSK9 antibody that drives LDL to levels statins alone cannot reach. | open ↗ | |
| #134 | #112 | Carbidopa/ levodopa | SINEMET | Carbidopa + Levodopa | open ↗ | |
| #135 | #55 | Glipizide | GLUCOTROL | Second-generation sulfonylurea; shorter-acting, safer in renal impairment. | open ↗ | |
| #136 | #136 | Naproxen | ALEVE | Long-acting NSAID with the most favorable cardiovascular profile of the class. | open ↗ | |
| #137 | #110 | Prednisolone | ORAPRED | The active form of prednisone; an oral glucocorticoid. | open ↗ | |
| #138 | #109 | Nifedipine ER (GITS) | PROCARDIA XL | Long-acting dihydropyridine calcium-channel blocker; edema is the common limit. | open ↗ | |
| #139 | #98 | Ketoconazole | NIZORAL | Topical azole antifungal; oral use is restricted but can suppress cortisol synthesis. | open ↗ | |
| #140 | #131 | Esomeprazole | NEXIUM | The S-isomer of omeprazole; a widely marketed proton-pump inhibitor. | open ↗ | |
| #141 | #156 | Insulin degludec | TRESIBA | Ultra-long-acting basal insulin with an exceptionally flat, flexible profile. | open ↗ | |
| #142 | — | Sumatriptan | IMITREX | The first triptan; the migraine benchmark, with an injectable form. | open ↗ | |
| #143 | — | Cyanocobalamin | vit B12 | Vitamin B12 supplement; converted to active cobalamin forms. | open ↗ | |
| #144 | #104 | Olanzapine | ZYPREXA | Highly effective atypical; among the worst for weight gain and metabolic effects. | open ↗ | |
| #145 | #106 | Mupirocin | BACTROBAN | Topical isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor for impetigo and MRSA decolonization. | open ↗ | |
| #146 | #409 | Atomoxetine | STRATTERA | Nonstimulant norepinephrine-predominant reuptake inhibitor for ADHD; no misuse potential. | open ↗ | |
| #147 | #107 | Nystatin | MYCOSTATIN | Topical/oral polyene antifungal for candidiasis; not absorbed. | open ↗ | |
| #148 | #95 | Glimepiride | AMARYL | Once-daily second-generation sulfonylurea; hypoglycemia and weight gain. | open ↗ | |
| #149 | #208 | Vibegron | GEMTESA | Cleaner beta-3 agonist for overactive bladder; no CYP2D6 inhibition. | open ↗ | |
| #150 | #124 | Azelastine | ASTELIN | Intranasal/ophthalmic antihistamine. | open ↗ | |
| #151 | #354 | Rimegepant | NURTEC | Oral CGRP antagonist (gepant) for both acute and preventive migraine. | open ↗ | |
| #152 | #113 | Fluconazole | DIFLUCAN | Azole antifungal with good CNS penetration; a CYP2C9/3A inhibitor. | open ↗ | |
| #153 | #86 | Warfarin | COUMADIN | The classic vitamin-K-antagonist anticoagulant; narrow index, INR-monitored. | open ↗ | |
| #154 | #292 | Adalimumab | HUMIRA | Subcutaneous TNF antibody for arthritis, psoriasis, IBD, and uveitis. | open ↗ | |
| #155 | #243 | Desvenlafaxine | PRISTIQ | Active metabolite of venlafaxine; more balanced SNRI with simpler kinetics. | open ↗ | |
| #156 | #135 | Chlorthalidone | THALITONE | Long-acting thiazide-like diuretic; preferred for hypertension outcomes. | open ↗ | |
| #157 | #145 | Hydroxy chloroquine | PLAQUENIL | Antimalarial/antirheumatic; retinopathy and QT risk with chronic use. | open ↗ | |
| #158 | #125 | Pioglitazone | ACTOS | PPAR-gamma insulin sensitizer; weight gain, edema, heart-failure caution. | open ↗ | |
| #159 | #299 | Dupilumab | DUPIXENT | IL-4 receptor alpha antibody that blocks both IL-4 and IL-13 signaling. | open ↗ | |
| #160 | #144 | Irbesartan | AVAPRO | ARB antihypertensive with renal-protective data. | open ↗ | |
| #161 | #119 | Ropinirole | REQUIP | D2/D3 agonist for Parkinson disease and restless legs; impulse-control risk. | open ↗ | |
| #162 | — | Glipizide ER | GLUCOTROL XL | Extended-release sulfonylurea; hypoglycemia and weight gain remain limiting. | open ↗ | |
| #163 | — | DYAZIDE | Hydrochloro thiazide + Triamterene | open ↗ | ||
| #164 | #155 | Levocetirizine | XYZAL | Active enantiomer of cetirizine; effective but more sedating than many second-generation options. | open ↗ | |
| #165 | #166 | Clindamycin | CLEOCIN | Lincosamide for anaerobes and toxin suppression; classic C. difficile risk. | open ↗ | |
| #166 | — | Diclofenac topical gel | VOLTAREN ARTHRITIS PAIN | Topical NSAID for osteoarthritis; less systemic exposure, but boxed warnings remain. | open ↗ | |
| #167 | #692 | ethinyl estradiol / levonorgestrel | Ethinyl estradiol + Levonorgestrel | open ↗ | ||
| #168 | — | Methylphenidate | RITALIN | The most-prescribed ADHD stimulant; dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake blocker. | open ↗ | |
| #169 | #171 | Lactulose | ENULOSE | Non-absorbed disaccharide; osmotic laxative that also traps ammonia in the colon. | open ↗ | |
| #170 | #127 | Amiodarone | CORDARONE | Class III antiarrhythmic; highly effective but thyroid, lung, and liver toxic. | open ↗ | |
| #171 | #134 | COSOPT | Dorzolamide + Timolol | open ↗ | ||
| #172 | #756 | Lidocaine injection | XYLOCAINE | Injectable sodium-channel blocker for local anesthesia and ventricular arrhythmias. | open ↗ | |
| #173 | #103 | Sitagliptin | JANUVIA | The first DPP-4 inhibitor; weight-neutral, well tolerated. | open ↗ | |
| #174 | #170 | Icosapent ethyl | VASCEPA | Purified EPA omega-3 that lowers triglycerides and cardiovascular events. | open ↗ | |
| #175 | #128 | Meclizine | ANTIVERT | Sedating antihistamine for vertigo and motion sickness. | open ↗ | |
| #176 | #129 | Diazepam | VALIUM | Rapid-onset, long-acting benzodiazepine for seizures, alcohol withdrawal, and muscle spasm. | open ↗ | |
| #177 | #130 | Torsemide | DEMADEX | Loop diuretic with better oral bioavailability than furosemide. | open ↗ | |
| #178 | #133 | Timolol | TIMOPTIC | Ophthalmic beta blocker; systemic absorption can cause bradycardia and bronchospasm. | open ↗ | |
| #179 | #151 | Methotrexate | TREXALL | Antifolate; low-dose anchor DMARD for rheumatoid arthritis, high-dose chemotherapy. | open ↗ | |
| #180 | #261 | Sildenafil | VIAGRA | The first PDE5 inhibitor (Viagra); also treats pulmonary hypertension. | open ↗ | |
| #181 | #190 | Midodrine | PROAMATINE | Alpha-1 agonist prodrug for orthostatic hypotension. | open ↗ | |
| #182 | #815 | YAZ | Drospirenone + Ethinyl estradiol | open ↗ | ||
| #183 | — | Norethindrone | AYGESTIN | A common progestin in contraceptives and hormone therapy. | open ↗ | |
| #184 | #1340 | Phentermine | ADIPEX-P | Amphetamine-like appetite suppressant for short-term weight loss. | open ↗ | |
| #185 | — | Estradiol | ESTRACE | Principal human estrogen; available systemically or locally for menopausal symptoms. | open ↗ | |
| #186 | — | Estradiol vaginal | ESTRACE CREAM | Local estrogen for menopausal genitourinary symptoms; little systemic exposure. | open ↗ | |
| #187 | #140 | Clobetasol | TEMOVATE | Superpotent class I topical steroid; HPA suppression with extended use. | open ↗ | |
| #188 | #81 | Oxybutynin ER | DITROPAN XL | Extended-release antimuscarinic for overactive bladder; cognitive burden remains high. | open ↗ | |
| #189 | #1057 | NUVARING | Ethinyl estradiol + Etonogestrel | open ↗ | ||
| #190 | — | Medroxyprogesterone depot | DEPO-PROVERA | Long-acting injectable progestin contraception; amenorrhea is common, but bone density falls. | open ↗ | |
| #191 | #177 | Benztropine | COGENTIN | Anticholinergic for drug-induced parkinsonism and dystonia. | open ↗ | |
| #192 | #64 | Diclofenac | VOLTAREN | Potent NSAID; higher cardiovascular risk than other NSAIDs. | open ↗ | |
| #193 | #449 | Guanfacine ER | INTUNIV | Long-acting alpha-2A agonist for ADHD; less sedating than clonidine but still hypotensive. | open ↗ | |
| #194 | — | Minoxidil oral | LONITEN | Potent vasodilator; the hair-growth side effect became its main use. | open ↗ | |
| #195 | #634 | Dexmethylphenidate XR | FOCALIN XR | Extended-release active isomer of methylphenidate for ADHD; a Schedule II stimulant. | open ↗ | |
| #196 | #141 | Brimonidine | ALPHAGAN | Alpha-2 agonist for glaucoma and rosacea redness. | open ↗ | |
| #197 | #139 | Fluticasone/Vilanterol | BREO ELLIPTA | Fluticasone + Vilanterol | open ↗ | |
| #198 | #161 | Metronidazole | FLAGYL | Antibiotic/antiprotozoal for anaerobes; disulfiram-like reaction with alcohol. | open ↗ | |
| #199 | #215 | Prazosin | MINIPRESS | Alpha-1 blocker used off-label for nightmares in PTSD. | open ↗ | |
| #200 | #389 | Ceftriaxone | ROCEPHIN | Long-acting third-generation cephalosporin; go-to for meningitis, gonorrhea, and pneumonia. | open ↗ | |
| #201 | #160 | Cyclosporine ophthalmic | RESTASIS | Topical calcineurin inhibitor for chronic dry eye; slow but steroid-sparing. | open ↗ | |
| #202 | #279 | Naloxone nasal spray | NARCAN | OTC intranasal mu-opioid antagonist for community overdose reversal; repeat doses may be needed. | open ↗ | |
| #203 | #146 | Nitroglycerin | NITROSTAT | Fast-acting nitrate vasodilator; sublingual rescue for angina. | open ↗ | |
| #204 | #149 | Linaclotide | LINZESS | Guanylate cyclase-C agonist for constipation-predominant IBS. | open ↗ | |
| #205 | #150 | Levofloxacin | LEVAQUIN | Respiratory fluoroquinolone; once-daily coverage including atypical pneumonia. | open ↗ | |
| #206 | — | Propranolol ER | INDERAL LA | Extended-release nonselective beta blocker for hypertension, migraine prevention, and tremor. | open ↗ | |
| #207 | #217 | Nortriptyline | PAMELOR | Amitriptyline metabolite; the best-tolerated TCA, with therapeutic level monitoring. | open ↗ | |
| #208 | #157 | Cefdinir | OMNICEF | Third-generation oral cephalosporin for otitis and respiratory infections. | open ↗ | |
| #209 | #132 | Hydrocortisone topical | CORTIZONE-10 | Low-potency topical corticosteroid for mild dermatoses; suitable for face and skin folds. | open ↗ | |
| #210 | — | Magnesium oxide | MAG-OX | Inexpensive magnesium salt; useful laxative but poorly absorbed for repletion. | open ↗ | |
| #211 | #193 | Hydroxyzine pamoate | VISTARIL | Sedating antihistamine for anxiety and pruritus; QT burden. | open ↗ | |
| #212 | #152 | Bumetanide | BUMEX | Potent loop diuretic; more predictable absorption than furosemide. | open ↗ | |
| #213 | — | Propofol | DIPRIVAN | The dominant IV anesthetic; rapid, smooth, with a lipid emulsion vehicle. | open ↗ | |
| #214 | — | Semaglutide oral | RYBELSUS | Oral GLP-1 agonist for type 2 diabetes; strict fasting administration governs absorption. | open ↗ | |
| #215 | #153 | Sucralfate | CARAFATE | Sucrose-aluminum complex that polymerizes on ulcer craters; binds other drugs. | open ↗ | |
| #216 | — | Divalproex DR | DEPAKOTE | Delayed-release broad-spectrum antiseizure drug and mood stabilizer; highly teratogenic. | open ↗ | |
| #217 | #154 | Dicyclomine | BENTYL | Antimuscarinic antispasmodic for IBS. | open ↗ | |
| #218 | #431 | Tretinoin | RETIN-A | All-trans retinoic acid; topical acne drug and systemic differentiation therapy for APL. | open ↗ | |
| #219 | #158 | TYLENOL #3 | Acetaminophen + Codeine | open ↗ | ||
| #220 | — | BIKTARVY | Bictegravir + Emtricitabine + Tenofovir alafenamide | open ↗ | ||
| #221 | #203 | Breztri Aerosphere | Budesonide + Glycopyrrolate + Formoterol | open ↗ | ||
| #222 | #168 | Tiotropium | SPIRIVA | Once-daily long-acting antimuscarinic bronchodilator for COPD. | open ↗ | |
| #223 | — | Docusate | COLACE | OTC stool softener of limited efficacy. | open ↗ | |
| #224 | #191 | Verapamil ER | CALAN SR | Extended-release non-dihydropyridine calcium-channel blocker for hypertension and rate control. | open ↗ | |
| #225 | — | DUONEB | Albuterol + Ipratropium | open ↗ | ||
| #226 | #205 | Primidone | MYSOLINE | Barbiturate prodrug used for essential tremor and seizures. | open ↗ | |
| #227 | #164 | Temazepam | RESTORIL | Intermediate benzodiazepine used mainly as a hypnotic. | open ↗ | |
| #228 | #167 | Benazepril | LOTENSIN | Once-daily ACE inhibitor often paired with amlodipine; standard class risks. | open ↗ | |
| #229 | #628 | Cefazolin | ANCEF | First-generation IV cephalosporin; the standard surgical-prophylaxis and MSSA agent. | open ↗ | |
| #230 | — | Insulin glargine U-300 | TOUJEO | Concentrated, flatter basal insulin; longer acting and not directly interchangeable. | open ↗ | |
| #231 | #165 | Doxazosin | CARDURA | Alpha-1 blocker for hypertension and BPH; orthostatic first-dose effect. | open ↗ | |
| #232 | #27 | Fluticasone | FLOVENT | Potent inhaled/intranasal corticosteroid for asthma and rhinitis. | open ↗ | |
| #233 | #192 | Digoxin | LANOXIN | Na/K-ATPase inhibitor for heart failure and rate control; narrow index, classic. | open ↗ | |
| #234 | — | Lidocaine | XYLOCAINE | The prototypical amide local anesthetic; also a Class IB antiarrhythmic. | open ↗ | |
| #235 | #199 | Bimatoprost | LUMIGAN | Glaucoma drop acting as a prostamide, not a classic FP agonist; also marketed for eyelash growth. | open ↗ | |
| #236 | #147 | Lovastatin | MEVACOR | Food-dependent, CYP3A4-sensitive statin; now usually displaced by stronger, cleaner options. | open ↗ | |
| #237 | #204 | Nebivolol | BYSTOLIC | Beta-1 blocker with beta-3 agonism and nitric-oxide-mediated vasodilation. | open ↗ | |
| #238 | #767 | Midazolam | VERSED | Ultra-short IV benzodiazepine for procedures and status. | open ↗ | |
| #239 | #407 | Ubrogepant | UBRELVY | Oral CGRP antagonist (gepant) for acute migraine. | open ↗ | |
| #240 | #207 | Anoro Ellipta | Umeclidinium + Vilanterol | open ↗ | ||
| #241 | #220 | Ranolazine | RANEXA | Late-sodium-current blocker for chronic angina; no heart-rate or BP effect. | open ↗ | |
| #242 | #172 | Acyclovir | ZOVIRAX | Guanosine-analog antiviral for herpes; activated by viral thymidine kinase. | open ↗ | |
| #243 | #173 | Enalapril | VASOTEC | ACE inhibitor prodrug; a workhorse antihypertensive. | open ↗ | |
| #244 | #186 | LOTREL | Amlodipine + Benazepril | open ↗ | ||
| #245 | — | Mesalamine DR | LIALDA | Delayed-release 5-ASA for ulcerative colitis; formulation governs colonic delivery. | open ↗ | |
| #246 | #485 | Upadacitinib | RINVOQ | JAK1-selective inhibitor across rheumatology, dermatology and IBD. | open ↗ | |
| #247 | #187 | Anastrozole | ARIMIDEX | Aromatase inhibitor for estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer. | open ↗ | |
| #248 | #1516 | Bupivacaine | MARCAINE | Long-acting local anesthetic; cardiotoxic if given intravascularly. | open ↗ | |
| #249 | — | DESCOVY | Emtricitabine + Tenofovir alafenamide | open ↗ | ||
| #250 | — | Melatonin | CIRCADIN | OTC pineal hormone used for sleep and circadian shifting. | open ↗ | |
| #251 | #223 | Clozapine | CLOZARIL | Most effective antipsychotic; used in treatment-resistant cases despite agranulocytosis risk. | open ↗ | |
| #252 | #200 | Ofloxacin | FLOXIN | Fluoroquinolone now mostly used as otic and ophthalmic drops. | open ↗ | |
| #253 | #83 | Divalproex ER | DEPAKOTE ER | Extended-release broad-spectrum antiseizure drug and mood stabilizer; highly teratogenic. | open ↗ | |
| #254 | #202 | Linagliptin | TRADJENTA | DPP-4 inhibitor for diabetes; uniquely non-renally cleared, no dose adjustment. | open ↗ | |
| #255 | #271 | Cariprazine | VRAYLAR | D3-preferring dopamine partial agonist for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and adjunctive depression. | open ↗ | |
| #256 | #257 | Lurasidone | LATUDA | Weight-favorable atypical; must be taken with a 350-kcal meal. | open ↗ | |
| #257 | — | Tacrolimus ointment | PROTOPIC | Steroid-sparing calcineurin-inhibitor ointment for atopic dermatitis; safe on thin skin. | open ↗ | |
| #258 | — | PEG 3350 | MIRALAX | Well-tolerated OTC osmotic laxative for chronic constipation and bowel preparation. | open ↗ | |
| #259 | #188 | Ketorolac | TORADOL | Potent parenteral NSAID for short-term acute pain; GI/renal limits. | open ↗ | |
| #260 | #216 | Flecainide | TAMBOCOR | Class IC antiarrhythmic for structurally normal hearts; proarrhythmic otherwise. | open ↗ | |
| #261 | #272 | Liothyronine | CYTOMEL | Synthetic T3; faster, shorter-acting thyroid hormone than levothyroxine. | open ↗ | |
| #262 | #226 | Sotalol | BETAPACE | Beta-blocker with Class III antiarrhythmic action; QT monitoring at initiation. | open ↗ | |
| #263 | #468 | Apremilast | OTEZLA | Oral PDE4 inhibitor for psoriasis; no lab monitoring required. | open ↗ | |
| #264 | #198 | Dexamethasone | DECADRON | Potent long-acting glucocorticoid with negligible mineralocorticoid effect. | open ↗ | |
| #265 | #660 | Truvada | Emtricitabine + Tenofovir | open ↗ | ||
| #266 | — | Guaifenesin | MUCINEX | OTC expectorant; NMDA antagonism is incidental to its unclear clinical action. | open ↗ | |
| #267 | #316 | Testosterone | ANDROGEL | Principal androgen for hypogonadism; controlled because of anabolic misuse. | open ↗ | |
| #268 | #213 | Telmisartan | MICARDIS | The longest-acting ARB; also a partial PPAR-gamma agonist. | open ↗ | |
| #269 | #194 | Colchicine | COLCRYS | Anti-inflammatory for gout and pericarditis; microtubule inhibitor, narrow index. | open ↗ | |
| #270 | #253 | Methenamine hippurate | HIPREX | Urinary antiseptic that releases formaldehyde in acidic urine. | open ↗ | |
| #271 | #222 | Lansoprazole | PREVACID | PPI with an orally disintegrating option; useful for swallowing difficulty or tube delivery. | open ↗ | |
| #272 | #282 | HUMULIN 70/30 | NPH insulin + Regular insulin | open ↗ | ||
| #273 | #211 | Promethazine | PHENERGAN | Sedating phenothiazine antihistamine/antiemetic; boxed warning in young children. | open ↗ | |
| #274 | #214 | Oxcarbazepine | TRILEPTAL | Carbamazepine analog with less enzyme induction; hyponatremia risk. | open ↗ | |
| #275 | — | Calcium carbonate | TUMS | OTC calcium supplement and antacid. | open ↗ | |
| #276 | #174 | Paxlovid (Eua) | PAXLOVID | Nirmatrelvir + Ritonavir | open ↗ | |
| #277 | #111 | Risperidone | RISPERDAL | Widely used atypical; dose-related EPS and the class's greatest prolactin burden. | open ↗ | |
| #278 | #259 | Eszopiclone | LUNESTA | Longer-acting Z-drug hypnotic; metallic dysgeusia. | open ↗ | |
| #279 | #218 | Doxepin | SINEQUAN | Highly antihistaminic TCA; at very low doses a selective hypnotic. | open ↗ | |
| #280 | #232 | Metoclopramide | REGLAN | D2-antagonist prokinetic/antiemetic; tardive dyskinesia limits long use. | open ↗ | |
| #281 | #244 | Dutasteride | AVODART | Dual 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor for BPH; longer-acting than finasteride. | open ↗ | |
| #282 | — | Budesonide | PULMICORT | Inhaled/oral corticosteroid with high first-pass metabolism (fewer systemic effects). | open ↗ | |
| #283 | #1047 | Faricimab | VABYSMO | Bispecific retinal antibody blocking VEGF-A and angiopoietin-2; intravitreal therapy for macular and retinal edema. | open ↗ | |
| #284 | #645 | ZOSYN | Piperacillin + Tazobactam | open ↗ | ||
| #285 | #248 | Lacosamide | VIMPAT | Slow-inactivation sodium-channel anticonvulsant; dizziness and PR prolongation matter. | open ↗ | |
| #286 | #195 | Ramipril | ALTACE | A widely used ACE inhibitor with strong cardiovascular outcome data. | open ↗ | |
| #287 | #276 | Rizatriptan | MAXALT | A fast-acting triptan for migraine. | open ↗ | |
| #288 | #246 | Methimazole | TAPAZOLE | First-line thyroid peroxidase inhibitor for hyperthyroidism. | open ↗ | |
| #289 | — | Oxybutynin | DITROPAN | Antimuscarinic for overactive bladder; anticholinergic burden in the elderly. | open ↗ | |
| #290 | #212 | Terazosin | HYTRIN | Alpha-1 blocker for hypertension and BPH; first-dose orthostasis. | open ↗ | |
| #291 | #254 | Dexlansoprazole | DEXILANT | Dual-release proton-pump inhibitor. | open ↗ | |
| #292 | #472 | Atogepant | QULIPTA | Oral CGRP antagonist (gepant) for migraine prevention. | open ↗ | |
| #293 | #1102 | Drospirenone | SLYND | Antimineralocorticoid progestin used in contraceptives. | open ↗ | |
| #294 | #237 | Dorzolamide | TRUSOPT | Topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that lowers intraocular pressure in glaucoma. | open ↗ | |
| #295 | #233 | Bisoprolol | ZEBETA | Cardioselective beta-blocker proven in heart failure. | open ↗ | |
| #296 | — | Clonidine ER | KAPVAY | Extended-release central alpha-2 agonist for ADHD; sedation and rebound hypertension limit it. | open ↗ | |
| #297 | #206 | Solifenacin | VESICARE | M3-preferring antimuscarinic for overactive bladder. | open ↗ | |
| #298 | #252 | Ciclopirox | LOPROX | Non-azole topical antifungal; nail lacquer cures onychomycosis poorly. | open ↗ | |
| #299 | — | Rocuronium | ZEMURON | Rapid-onset nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker; reversed by sugammadex. | open ↗ | |
| #300 | — | ADVAIR HFA | Fluticasone + Salmeterol | open ↗ |