Latanoprost
XALATAN
What it isProstaglandin analog that increases uveoscleral outflow; first-line treatment for open-angle glaucoma.
Why this oneGeneric and potent with less hyperemia than bimatoprost, it is the default first prostaglandin drop.
What limits itIris and periocular darkening can be permanent; eyelash growth and orbital fat loss alter appearance. Adherence often determines failure.
FDA-approved for
- glaucoma (1996)
FDA label
Read the full label on DailyMed ↗
| FDA dosing | Population | Start | Target | Max |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Elevated IOP (open-angle glaucoma / ocular hypertension) | Adults | 1 drop affected eye(s) QHS (evening) | 1 drop QD (evening) | Once daily |
Renal Undefined
Hepatic Undefined
Exceeding once-daily dosing may reduce IOP-lowering effect or paradoxically raise IOP
Instructions
- One drop in affected eye(s) once daily in the evening; do not exceed once daily
- Remove contact lenses before use; reinsert 15 minutes after
- If using other topical ophthalmics, administer at least 5 minutes apart
- Do not combine with other prostaglandins/prostaglandin analogs
Cautions
- Iris, periorbital, and eyelash pigmentation (iris pigmentation likely permanent)
- Eyelash changes (length/thickness/number)
- Intraocular inflammation (iritis/uveitis)
- Macular edema, including cystoid macular edema
Adverse reactions
- Blurred vision
- Burning/stinging
- Conjunctival hyperemia
- Foreign body sensation
- Itching
- Increased iris pigmentation
- Punctate keratitis
Pregnancy No adequate studies; animal data show malformations and embryofetal lethality at clinically relevant doses
Lactation Undefined
NO BOXED WARNINGS
Principal riskPermanent iris darkening and eyelash changes
Cost, est. cash$10–$400/month
Generic entry2011
Classes and tags
Clinical profile
Legacy pregnancy categoryUnknown / historical label unavailable
Defining liabilityLocal irritation, sensitization or administration-site injury; negligible systemic toxicity at usual use.
Active metabolites
Mechanism of action: Latanoprost ballicule
Open Latanoprost in the interactive console ↗
Memory aids: mascots and interaction avatars
May cause iris darkening
May cause eyelash growth
