Blocks bacterial DNA supercoiling — the fluoroquinolones
Tendinopathy, QT prolongation, CNS effects
Lowers seizure threshold
Drugs with this mechanism (13)
Ciprofloxacin — Fluoroquinolone with strong Gram-negative and anti-pseudomonal activity; tendon warnings.
Delafloxacin — Anionic fluoroquinolone with MRSA activity, which is unusual for the class.
Enoxacin — Fluoroquinolone antibiotic; a potent CYP1A2 inhibitor with seizure risk.
Gatifloxacin — Ophthalmic fluoroquinolone for bacterial conjunctivitis; systemic use ended after severe dysglycemia.
Gemifloxacin — Respiratory fluoroquinolone for pneumonia and bronchitis, notable for rash in younger women.
Gepotidacin — First-in-class oral bacterial topoisomerase inhibitor for uncomplicated UTI and limited-option gonorrhea.
Levofloxacin — Respiratory fluoroquinolone; once-daily coverage including atypical pneumonia.
Moxifloxacin — Respiratory fluoroquinolone with anaerobic coverage; QT prolongation risk.
Nemonoxacin — Nonfluorinated quinolone antibiotic used in some countries for community-acquired pneumonia; inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV.
Norfloxacin — Early fluoroquinolone for urinary infections, superseded by later agents in the class.
Ofloxacin — Fluoroquinolone now mostly used as otic and ophthalmic drops.
Sparfloxacin — Fluoroquinolone withdrawn for QT prolongation and severe phototoxicity.
Zoliflodacin — First-in-class oral DNA-gyrase inhibitor for uncomplicated urogenital gonorrhea.